The town area and the hill on which today rises the communal administrative centre , were very populated, like the rest of the whole Valdichiana, already during the “villanovian”and Etruscan time. The area fell under Rome during the I century A.C, thanks to the conquest made by Silla. A Roman contingentm, under the orders of the consul Lucio Licinio Lucullo, settled just on the hill where today rises the village and here it founded a “castrum” which, in the consul’s honour, was called “Lucinianum”. The appropriate geographic collocation made the village a crossroads among the cities of Arezzo, Siena and Perugia. In fact, the three cities contended for Lucignano , which after the period of free commune, was taken firstly by Arezzo and then by Perugia. The influence of Perugia is visible still nowadays in the communal coat of arms, which consists in a winged griffin(and a star to indicate that the city rises on a hill).The decline of Arezzo, after the defeat in Campaldino against Florence(1289) and the progressive subjection of Perugia under the Pontifical State, favoured in the XIV century the entrance into the play of Siena, which occupied Lucignano. The centre was provided with a considerable circle of walls(till nowadays perfectly kept) and a towered fortress to preside over the city. The sienese control lasted until 1554, when Florence conquered Siena, replacing it in the dominated territories. Like in all the Medicean cities, it was created the Fortress but also the urban development was continued, giving to Lucignano the typically late-medieval aspect which it keeps till nowadays.

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